Also:

• Approval of the Supreme Court at 49%, down slightly due to greater disapproval from Democrats
• Large majorities continue to support authority of courts, limits on presidential powers
• Majorities oppose calls to impeach judges

MILWAUKEE — A new Marquette Law School Poll national survey finds majorities of adults in favor each of seven U.S. Supreme Court cases decided this year.

Support ranges from 56% for a decision limiting district court use of nationwide injunctions to 75% for a decision upholding a Texas state law requiring proof of age to access sexually oriented websites. Support also surpassed 70% for decisions requiring due process for those subject to deportation (73%) and upholding a Tennessee state law banning gender-transition treatment for minors (71%).

A decision requiring schools to allow parents to decide to opt their children out of lessons on religious grounds is favored by 69%. A decision from January upholding a federal law requiring the sale of TikTok has 60% in favor. And a decision overturning a Wisconsin ruling that denied a Catholic charity organization a religious tax exemption is favored by 59%. The full set of rulings surveyed is shown in Table 1. (All results in the tables are stated as percentages.)

Table 1: Favor or oppose recent Supreme Court decisions

Among adults

	Favor or oppose
Decision	Favor	Oppose
Upholds law requiring proof of age to access sexually oriented websites	75	25
Requires due process for those subject to deportation	73	27
Upholds ban on transgender treatment for minors	71	29
Allows parents to opt school children out of lessons	69	31
Upholds law requiring TikTok sale	60	40
Requires religious tax exemption for Catholic Charities organization	59	41
Limits district court use of nationwide injunctions	56	44
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: See full question texts at the end of this release

Across these cases, 75% favored a majority of the seven decisions, while 25% opposed a majority of the results. Most respondents disagreed with at least some Court rulings. All seven outcomes are favored by 10%, six of the seven are favored by 28%, and five are favored by 21%. Few respondents oppose most of the decisions, with 1% opposed to all, 4% opposed to six, and 7% opposed to five. Table 2 shows support across all decisions.

Table 2: Number of decisions supported

Among adults

Number of decisions supported
	Percent
0	1
1	4
2	7
3	13
4	16
5	21
6	28
7	10
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: Agreement with decisions across seven cases

The survey was conducted July 7-16, 2025, interviewing 1,005 adults nationwide, with a margin of error of +/-3.4 percentage points.

Approval of the job the Supreme Court is doing inched down from 53% in May to 49% in July, with 51% disapproving in July. During the current term of the Court since October 2024, approval rose from 45% in October with small declines in May and July, as shown in Table 3.

Table 3: U.S. Supreme Court approval

Among adults

Poll dates	Approval
	Approve	Disapprove
7/7-16/25	49	51
5/5-15/25	53	47
3/17-27/25	54	46
1/27-2/6/25	51	49
12/2-11/24	48	52
10/1-10/24	45	55
Marquette Law School Poll, national surveys, latest: July 7-16, 2025
Question: Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the U.S. Supreme Court is handling its job?

The decline in approval in July is driven by shifts among Democrats, whose approval fell from 31% in May to 18% in July. Approval among Republicans and independents increased only slightly, as shown in Table 4.

Table 4: Supreme Court approval

Among national adults

Poll dates	Approval
	Approve	Disapprove
Republican
7/7-16/25	81	19
5/5-15/25	78	22
3/17-27/25	79	21
1/27-2/6/25	84	16
12/2-11/24	74	26
10/1-10/24	68	32
Independent
7/7-16/25	45	55
5/5-15/25	43	57
3/17-27/25	45	55
1/27-2/6/25	46	54
12/2-11/24	46	54
10/1-10/24	41	59
Democrat
7/7-16/25	18	82
5/5-15/25	31	69
3/17-27/25	31	69
1/27-2/6/25	19	81
12/2-11/24	21	79
10/1-10/24	23	77
Marquette Law School Poll, national surveys, latest: July 7-16, 2025
Question: Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the U.S. Supreme Court is handling its job?

Partisan differences in approval of the Court persist beyond agreement or disagreement with the Court’s rulings. Yet approval is higher in each party among those who agree with a majority of rulings than among those in the same party who disagree with most decisions, as shown in Table 5.

Table 5: Supreme Court approval, by agreement with seven surveyed decisions and party ID

Among national adults

Agreement with decisions	Approval
	Approve	Disapprove
Republican
Agree on 0-3 cases	58	42
Agree on 4-7 cases	83	17
Independent
Agree on 0-3 cases	24	76
Agree on 4-7 cases	53	47
Democrat
Agree on 0-3 cases	7	93
Agree on 4-7 cases	26	74
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey July 7-16, 2025
Question: Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the U.S. Supreme Court is handling its job?

Democrats are more attentive to news about the Court than are independents and Republicans. Among Democrats, 46% say they heard or read a lot about the Court in the last month, compared to 26% among Republicans and 25% among independents. Republicans and independents are also considerably more likely than Democrats to say they heard nothing at all about the Court, as shown in Table 6.

Democrats who disagreed with a majority of recent decisions were also more attentive to news about the Court. Of Democrats who opposed a majority of the decisions, 55% said they had heard a lot about the Court in the last month, compared to 38% saying this among Democrats who agreed with a majority of decisions.

Table 6: Attention to news about the U.S. Supreme Court

Among adults

Party ID	Attention to Court news
	A lot	A little	Nothing at all
Republican	26	55	19
Independent	25	48	27
Democrat	46	49	5
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: Thinking about the last month only, how much have you heard or read about the U.S. Supreme Court?

Partisan divisions on individual Supreme Court decisions

Some recent decisions draw bipartisan support, while others reflect partisan divides. These divisions are generally smaller than ones typically seen for presidential approval or other clearly partisan issues.

The decision upholding a Texas law requiring proof of age in order to access sexually oriented websites is an example of strong support across party groups. This decision is favored by 84% of Republicans, 70% of independents, and 68% of Democrats, as shown in Table 7.

Table 7: Proof of age to access sexually oriented websites

Among adults

Party ID	Favor or oppose ruling
	Favor	Oppose
Among all adults	75	25
Republican	84	16
Independent	70	30
Democrat	68	32
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: In June, the Supreme Court upheld a Texas law meant to prevent minors from accessing sexual materials on the internet, through a requirement that adults prove they are 18 or over by submitting government-issued IDs in order to access sexually oriented websites. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?

Majorities of each party also favor a decision to require due process for those facing deportation, though the gap between Republicans and Democrats is substantial. The ruling is favored by 53% of Republicans, 75% of independents, and 92% of Democrats, as shown in Table 8.

Table 8: Due process for those facing deportation

Among adults

Party ID	Favor or oppose ruling
	Favor	Oppose
Among all adults	73	27
Republican	53	47
Independent	75	25
Democrat	92	8
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: In April, the Supreme Court said that those the administration is seeking to deport under the Alien Enemies Act must receive notice that they are subject to deportation within a reasonable time and in such a manner as will allow them to actually seek court review before such deportation occurs. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?

A similar bipartisan majority and a similar partisan gap are seen on the decision upholding Tennessee’s ban on transgender treatment for minors, with 90% of Republicans in favor of the ruling, along with 72% of independents and 52% of Democrats, as shown in Table 9.

Table 9: Law banning gender-transition treatment for minors

Among adults

Party ID	Favor or oppose ruling
	Favor	Oppose
Among all adults	71	29
Republican	90	10
Independent	72	28
Democrat	52	48
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: In June, the Supreme Court upheld a Tennessee law that prohibits medical providers from prescribing puberty-delaying medication or performing gender transition surgery for youth under 18. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?

The decision allowing parents to opt their children out of certain school lessons due to religious objections falls just short of commanding bipartisan majorities, with 91% of Republicans in favor, while 66% of independents and 48% of Democrats are in favor. See Table 10.

Table 10: Allow parents to opt children out of school lessons

Among adults

Party ID	Favor or oppose ruling
	Favor	Oppose
Among all adults	69	31
Republican	91	9
Independent	66	34
Democrat	48	52
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: In June, the Supreme Court ruled that parents of elementary school students should be able to opt their children out of reading classes concerning stories about LGBTQ+ characters, if those stories conflict with the families’ religious beliefs. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?

The decision upholding the federal law requiring the sale of TikTok also falls just short of bipartisan agreement, though with a smaller gap between Republicans, 77% of whom favor the ruling, and the 47% each of Democrats and of independents who favor the ruling, as shown in Table 11.

Table 11: Uphold law requiring sale of TikTok

Among adults

Party ID	Favor or oppose ruling
	Favor	Oppose
Among all adults	60	40
Republican	77	23
Independent	47	53
Democrat	47	53
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: In January, the Supreme Court upheld a law requiring the social media app TikTok, which is owned by a Chinese company, to be sold or banned in the U.S. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?

There is a smaller partisan gap on the decision requiring a religious tax exemption for a Catholic charity organization, with 70% of Republicans across the nation in favor, along with 60% of independents and 47% of Democrats. The decision overturned a Wisconsin Supreme Court ruling, which had upheld denying the organization a tax exemption. These results are in Table 12.

Table 12: Tax exemption for Catholic charities

Among adults

Party ID	Favor or oppose ruling
	Favor	Oppose
Among all adults	59	41
Republican	70	30
Independent	60	40
Democrat	47	53
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: In June, the Supreme Court ruled that Wisconsin violated the Constitution when it refused to give Catholic Charities Bureau, Inc. the same exemption from the state’s unemployment tax that it gives to churches, religious schools, and some other religious groups. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?

Republicans and Democrats are strongly divided on a decision limiting the ability of federal district courts to impose nationwide injunctions, with 78% of Republicans in favor, compared to 32% of Democrats. The ruling is also favored by 63% of independents. Partisan favorability is shown in Table 13.

Table 13: Limit district courts use of nationwide injunctions

Among adults

Party ID	Favor or oppose ruling
	Favor	Oppose
Among all adults	56	44
Republican	78	22
Independent	63	37
Democrat	32	68
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: In June, the Supreme Court limited the ability of federal district courts to issue nationwide injunctions blocking government actions found to be unconstitutional. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?

The survey also asked about the 2015 decision that held there is a constitutional right to same-sex marriage. Support among Republicans falls just short of a majority at 48%, with 66% of independents and 89% of Democrats in favor. The results are in Table 14.

Table 14: Constitutional right to same-sex marriage

Among adults

Party ID	Favor or oppose ruling
	Favor	Oppose
Among all adults	68	32
Republican	48	52
Independent	66	34
Democrat	89	11
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: In 2015, the Supreme Court ruled that the Constitution guarantees a right to same-sex marriage. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?

Public opinion on the 2024 decision that held presidents have broad immunity from criminal prosecution for their official acts has a wide partisan gap, with 61% of Republicans in favor of the decision compared to 17% of Democrats and 42% of independents. This result is shown in Table 15.

Table 15: Presidential immunity from criminal prosecution

Among adults

Party ID	Favor or oppose ruling
	Favor	Oppose
Among all adults	39	61
Republican	61	39
Independent	42	58
Democrat	17	83
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: In July 2024, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that, while there is no immunity for unofficial acts, former presidents have broad immunity from criminal prosecution for official acts as president. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?

Court authority

While 56% favor the Court’s decision limiting nationwide injunctions, a different question asked whether courts have the authority to temporarily block some of the executive actions of President Donald Trump’s administration. With this question, 69% say the courts have this authority, while 31% say they do not. In May, 64% said the courts had this power and 36% said they did not. On this question, which directly mentions the Trump administration, the partisan gap is even larger than for the decision on nationwide injunctions. Among Republicans, 42% think courts have the authority to temporarily block the administration’s actions, while 73% of independents and 94% of Democrats think so, as shown in Table 16.

Table 16: Do courts have authority to temporarily block Trump administration actions

Among adults

Party ID	Have authority or not
	Yes	No
Among all adults	69	31
Republican	42	58
Independent	73	27
Democrat	94	6
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: Federal courts have issued orders temporarily blocking a number of the Trump administration’s executive actions. Do you think such orders can be a proper use of judicial authority?

The poll shows continued strong support for the Supreme Court when it rules against the president. When asked whether a president must obey a ruling by the Supreme Court, 83% say the president must obey and 17% say the president can ignore the ruling. This high level of support for the power of the Supreme Court has remained stable since first asked in 2019, as shown in Table 17.

Table 17: Must a president obey ruling of U.S. Supreme Court

Among adults

Poll dates	Obey ruling
	The president has the power to ignore the ruling	The president is required to do as the ruling says
7/7-16/25	17	83
5/5-15/25	16	84
3/17-27/25	17	83
1/27-2/6/25	17	83
12/2-11/24	21	79
9/8-15/20	16	82
9/3-13/19	22	76
Marquette Law School Poll, national surveys, latest: July 7-16, 2025
Question: If the Supreme Court rules against the president in a case, does the president have the power to ignore that ruling, or is the president required to do as the ruling says?

Large majorities of all partisan groups say the president must obey Supreme Court rulings, as shown in Table 18. There is modest variation across partisan identification, with Republicans and independents somewhat more likely than Democrats to say presidents can ignore rulings, but more than 75% of each group say Supreme Court rulings must be followed.

Table 18: Must a president obey Supreme Court rulings

Among adults

Party ID	Obey Supreme Court ruling
	The president has the power to ignore the ruling	The president is required to do as the ruling says
Republican	18	82
Independent	21	79
Democrat	14	86
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: If the Supreme Court rules against the president in a case, does the president have the power to ignore that ruling, or is the president required to do as the ruling says?

There have been calls from members of Congress and from Trump to impeach federal judges who have ruled against administration actions. A majority of survey respondents say judges should not be impeached for such rulings. Specifically, 66% oppose impeachment of judges when members of Congress call for it, and 68% oppose impeachment when President Trump calls for it. There has been little change since May, when 70% opposed congressional calls for impeachment and 70% opposed Trump’s call to impeach.

Presidential power

Since taking office, Trump has frozen some spending and moved to close some agencies that had been authorized by Congress. Sixty-two percent say this is beyond the president’s authority, while 38% say the president has this authority. These views are little-changed since first asked in March, as shown in Table 19.

Table 19: Does president have authority to close agencies authorized by Congress

Among adults

Poll dates	Authority
	Beyond the president’s authority	Has the authority without congressional approval
7/7-16/25	62	38
5/5-15/25	62	38
3/17-27/25	64	36
Marquette Law School Poll, national surveys, latest: July 7-16, 2025
Question: Do you think agencies and spending that have been authorized by Congress are beyond the president’s authority to close or freeze, or do you think the president has the authority to take these actions without congressional approval?

When Congress fails to act, 20% say the president should have the power to make laws on his own, while 80% say he should not be able to do so. Opposition to this additional presidential power has increased a little since 2020, when 72% said the president should not be able to unilaterally make laws, as shown in Table 20.

Table 20: Should president be able to make laws if Congress fails to act

Among adults

Poll dates	President make laws
	Yes, president should be able to make laws	No, president should not be able to make laws
7/7-16/25	20	80
5/5-15/25	19	81
12/2-11/24	22	78
9/8-15/20	28	72
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, latest: July 7-16, 2025
Question: When Congress fails to act, should the president have the power to make laws on his own?

While a majority of all partisan groups are opposed to allowing the president to make laws, there is greater support for this power among Republicans, 35%, than among independents, 15%, or among Democrats, 6%. All partisan groups are less supportive of this power than they were in September 2020, as shown in Table 21, though Republican support has increased from December 2024 to July.

Table 21: Should president be able to make laws if Congress fails to act

Among adults

Poll dates	Make laws
	Yes, president should be able to make laws	No, president should not be able to make laws
Republican
7/7-16/25	35	65
5/5-15/25	31	69
12/2-11/24	28	72
9/8-15/20	45	55
Independent
7/7-16/25	15	85
5/5-15/25	21	79
12/2-11/24	23	77
9/8-15/20	23	77
Democrat
7/7-16/25	6	94
5/5-15/25	6	94
12/2-11/24	14	86
9/8-15/20	15	85
Marquette Law School Poll, national surveys, latest: July 7-16, 2025
Question: When Congress fails to act, should the president have the power to make laws on his own?

About the Marquette Law School Poll

The survey was conducted July 7-16, 2025, interviewing 1,005 adults nationwide, with a margin of error of +/-3.4 percentage points.

Interviews were conducted using the SSRS Opinion Panel, a national probability sample with interviews conducted online. Certain other data from this survey (focusing on views of the Trump administration and policy issues) were released previously, on July 23. The detailed methodology statement, survey instrument, topline results, and crosstabs for this release are available on the Marquette Law Poll website.

Wording of questions about recent and past Supreme Court decisions

These items do not attempt to exactly frame the particular issues in specific cases but rather address the topic in more general terms.

The wording of questions about recent cases include:

Free Speech Coalition v. Paxton

• In June, the Supreme Court upheld a Texas law meant to prevent minors from accessing sexual materials on the internet, through a requirement that adults prove they are 18 or over by submitting government-issued IDs in order to access sexually oriented websites. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?

Trump v. J.G.G.

• In April, the Supreme Court said that those the administration is seeking to deport under the Alien Enemies Act must receive notice that they are subject to deportation within a reasonable time and in such a manner as will allow them to actually seek court review before such deportation occurs. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?

United States v. Skrmetti

• In June, the Supreme Court upheld a Tennessee law that prohibits medical providers from prescribing puberty-delaying medication or performing gender transition surgery for youth under 18. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?

Mahmoud v. Taylor

• In June, the Supreme Court ruled that  parents of elementary school students should be able to opt their children out of reading classes concerning stories about LGBTQ+ characters, if those stories conflict with the families’ religious beliefs. How much do you favor or oppose that decision?

TikTok v. Garland

• In January, the Supreme Court upheld a law requiring the social media app TikTok, which is owned by a Chinese company, to be sold or banned in the U.S. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?

Catholic Charities Bureau v. Wisconsin Labor & Industry Review Commission

• In June, the Supreme Court ruled that Wisconsin violated the Constitution when it refused to give Catholic Charities Bureau, Inc., the same exemption from the state’s unemployment tax that it gives to churches, religious schools, and some other religious groups. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?

Trump v. CASA

• In June, the Supreme Court limited the ability of federal district courts to issue nationwide injunctions blocking government actions found to be unconstitutional. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?

Obergefell v. Hodges

• In 2015, the Supreme Court ruled that the Constitution guarantees a right to same-sex marriage. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?

Trump v. United States.

• In July 2024, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that, while there is no immunity for unofficial acts, former presidents have broad immunity from criminal prosecution for official acts as president. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?

Also:

• Opinion divided on Trump’s stands on deportations, negative on tariffs and inflation
• Majority think deportations mostly involve people without criminal records; partisan divides on just about every issue remain very large
• The “One Big Beautiful Bill Act” is seen negatively; airstrikes on Iran nuclear facilities are seen positively

MILWAUKEE — A new Marquette Law School Poll national survey finds President Donald Trump’s overall approval rating stands at 45%, with 55% disapproval. In May, approval was 46% and disapproval was 54%. Republicans and Trump voters continue to express strong approval, while Democrats are almost uniformly negative. Independents are substantially more negative than positive, although approval rose in July with this group. Table 1 shows approval by party since January. (All results in the tables are stated as percentages.)

Table 1: Trump approval, by party ID

Among national adults

Poll dates	Approval
	Approve	Disapprove
Republican
7/7-16/25	86	14
5/5-15/25	87	13
3/17-27/25	87	13
1/27-2/6/25	89	11
Independent
7/7-16/25	38	62
5/5-15/25	31	69
3/17-27/25	32	67
1/27-2/6/25	37	63
Democrat
7/7-16/25	7	93
5/5-15/25	8	92
3/17-27/25	10	90
1/27-2/6/25	9	91
Marquette Law School Poll,  national surveys, latest: July 7-16, 2025
Question: Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump is handling his job as president?

The survey was conducted July 7-16, 2025, interviewing 1,005 adults nationwide, with a margin of error of +/-3.4 percentage points.

There is no evidence that Trump voters are rethinking their support. Among those who voted for Trump in November, 91% approve of the job he is doing and 9% disapprove. Among those who voted for the Democratic candidate, former Vice President Kamala Harris, 4% approve of Trump’s performance and 96% disapprove. Table 2 shows approval since January by 2024 presidential vote.

Table 2: Trump approval, by 2024 vote

Among national adults

Poll dates	Approval
	Approve	Disapprove
Voted for Donald Trump
7/7-16/25	91	9
5/5-15/25	88	12
3/17-27/25	92	8
1/27-2/6/25	94	6
Voted for Kamala Harris
7/7-16/25	4	96
5/5-15/25	5	95
3/17-27/25	4	96
1/27-2/6/25	3	96
Marquette Law School Poll,  national surveys, latest: July 7-16, 2025
Question: Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump is handling his job as president?

On Trump’s signature issue of deporting immigrants in the United States illegally, 57% favor and 43% oppose such deportations. That is lower than in May, when 66% were in favor and 34% were opposed. Support peaked in March at 68%.

Republicans remain overwhelmingly in favor of deportations, while a majority of independents are now opposed, after a notable decline in their support from May to July. Support among independents fell by 20 percentage points from May to July. The disapproval rate among Democrats, which has been high throughout 2025, rose 17 percentage points higher from May to July. Table 3 shows these data.

Table 3: Deportations, by party ID

Among national adults

Poll dates	Favor or oppose deportations
	Favor	Oppose
Republican
7/7-16/25	93	7
5/5-15/25	91	9
3/17-27/25	95	5
1/27-2/6/25	93	7
Independent
7/7-16/25	41	59
5/5-15/25	61	39
3/17-27/25	62	38
1/27-2/6/25	51	49
Democrat
7/7-16/25	22	78
5/5-15/25	39	61
3/17-27/25	41	59
1/27-2/6/25	29	71
Marquette Law School Poll, national surveys, latest: July 7-16, 2025
Question: Do you favor or oppose deporting immigrants who are living in the United States illegally back to their home countries?

Support for deporting immigrants who are long-time residents, with jobs and no criminal record, has been consistently lower, with majorities opposed to deportation of this category of immigrants. In July, 62% are opposed to deporting these immigrants, with 38% in favor. This is a small decline in support since May, when 42% were in favor. It is the lowest level of support since Trump took office in January. A majority of Republicans favor deporting those with jobs and no criminal record, while majorities of independents and Democrats oppose these deportations. Support declined slightly in each partisan group from May to July, as shown in Table 4.

Table 4: Deportations including those with jobs and no criminal record, by party ID

Among national adults

Poll dates	Favor or oppose deportations
	Favor	Oppose
Republican
7/7-16/25	69	31
5/5-15/25	74	26
3/17-27/25	64	36
1/27-2/6/25	67	33
Independent
7/7-16/25	33	67
5/5-15/25	36	64
3/17-27/25	34	66
1/27-2/6/25	31	69
Democrat
7/7-16/25	12	88
5/5-15/25	14	86
3/17-27/25	22	78
1/27-2/6/25	22	78
Marquette Law School Poll, national surveys, latest: July 7-16, 2025
Question: Do you favor or oppose deporting immigrants who are living in the United States illegally back to their home countries even if they have lived here for a number of years, have jobs and no criminal record?

During the campaign, Trump emphasized deporting immigrants with criminal records. In July, 55% of respondents believe that the United States is mostly deporting immigrants who have no criminal record, while 45% believe most of those deported do have criminal records. There is a partisan split in this perception, with a majority of Republicans believing deportations are focused on those with criminal records, while majorities of independents and Democrats think deportations mostly involve those without criminal records, as shown in Table 5.

Table 5: Believe U.S. is mostly deporting criminals, by party identification

Among adults

Party ID	Mostly criminals or mostly non-criminals
	Mostly deporting immigrants with criminal records	Mostly deporting immigrants who have no criminal records
Among all adults	45	55
Republican	78	22
Independent	41	59
Democrat	13	87
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: Do you think the U.S. is [mostly deporting immigrants with criminal records] or [mostly deporting immigrants who have no criminal records]?

Trump has continued to focus on raising tariffs throughout his first six months of this term in office, but the public remains skeptical that tariffs will help the economy. In July, 28% think tariffs will help the economy, while 59% think they will hurt it and 12% think tariffs will not make much difference. This is a small decline in the percentage saying tariffs help the economy, from 32% in May, and is the same percentage as in March. While most Americans think tariffs hurt the economy, a majority of Republicans believe they help. A majority of independents think they hurt, as do almost all Democrats, as shown in Table 6.

Table 6: Tariffs help or hurt the economy, by party identification

Among adults

Party ID	Tariffs help or hurt the economy
	Helps U.S. economy	Hurts U.S. economy	Doesn’t make much difference
Among all adults	28	59	12
Republican	58	28	14
Independent	12	60	28
Democrat	4	91	5
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: In general, do you think imposing tariffs or fees on products imported from other countries helps the U.S. economy, hurts the economy, or doesn’t make much of a difference either way?

Inflation is cited as the most important issue facing the country by 34% of respondents, followed by the economy at 16% in July. The public remains skeptical that Trump’s policies will bring down inflation, with 28% saying his policies will decrease inflation, 60% saying they will increase inflation, and 12% saying they will have no effect. A majority of Republicans believe Trump will decrease inflation, while majorities of independents and Democrats think his policies will increase inflation, as shown in Table 7. Confidence in reducing inflation has fallen among all partisan groups since December, dropping by 21 percentage points among Republicans and by 11 points among independents.

Table 7: Will Trump policies reduce inflation, by party ID

Among national adults

Poll dates	Policies decrease or increase inflation
	Decrease inflation	Increase inflation	Have no effect on inflation
Republican
7/7-16/25	55	26	19
5/5-15/25	55	31	14
3/17-27/25	62	23	15
1/27-2/6/25	70	16	13
12/2-11/24	76	11	14
Independent
7/7-16/25	17	70	13
5/5-15/25	18	68	14
3/17-27/25	16	60	24
1/27-2/6/25	26	47	26
12/2-11/24	28	43	28
Democrat
7/7-16/25	4	91	5
5/5-15/25	5	91	4
3/17-27/25	4	92	4
1/27-2/6/25	5	85	10
12/2-11/24	8	82	10
Marquette Law School Poll,  national surveys, latest: July 7-16, 2025
Question: Do you think Trump’s policy proposals will decrease inflation, increase inflation, or have no effect on inflation?

Looking ahead, 65% think inflation will increase over the next 12 months, with 18% thinking it will decrease and 18% expecting it to remain about the same. While Republicans are more optimistic than the public at large, slightly more Republicans think inflation will increase (36%) than think it will decrease (35%). Inflation expectations by party are shown in Table 8.

Table 8: Inflation expectations, by party identification

Among adults

Party ID	Inflation over next 12 months
	Increase	Decrease	Stay about the same
Among all adults	65	18	18
Republican	36	35	29
Independent	72	9	19
Democrat	91	4	6
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: Over the next 12 months do you think inflation and the cost of living will increase, decrease or stay about the same?

Trump’s major policy and budget bill, the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act,” was passed by Congress on July 3 and signed into law by the president on July 4. In this poll, 41% support the law and 59% oppose it. A substantial majority of Republicans support the law while most independents and Democrats oppose it, as shown in Table 9.

Table 9: One Big Beautiful Bill Act, by party identification

Among adults

Party ID	One Big Beautiful Bill
	Support	Oppose
Among all adults	41	59
Republican	79	21
Independent	34	65
Democrat	6	94
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: From what you know about it, how much do you support or oppose President Trump’s “One Big Beautiful Bill”?

Following the debate during the enactment of the One Big Beautiful Bill, more people (68%) think the federal budget deficit will increase than thought so in May (52%). This growth in expectation of an increase in the deficit holds across partisan categories, with an especially notable doubling among Republicans from 22% in May to 44% in July, as shown in Table 10.

Table 10: Will budget reduce or increase federal deficit, by party ID

Among national adults

Poll dates	Reduce or increase federal deficit
	Reduce the deficit	Increase the deficit
Republican
7/7-16/25	56	44
5/5-15/25	78	22
Independent
7/7-16/25	27	73
5/5-15/25	44	55
Democrat
7/7-16/25	11	89
5/5-15/25	18	82
Marquette Law School Poll,  national surveys, latest: July 7-16, 2025
Question: In the upcoming federal budget, do you think Congress and President Trump will end up reducing or increasing the federal budget deficit?

On June 21, the United States conducted airstrikes on Iranian nuclear facilities. This action is supported by 52% and opposed by 48%. A large majority of Republicans (85%) support this action, while majorities of independents (57%) and Democrats (78%) oppose it. While there was some division regarding U.S. action among Trump’s supporters in media commentary, among Republicans who are favorable to the Make America Great Again (MAGA) movement, more support the airstrikes, 90%, than among Republicans who are unfavorable to MAGA, 64%.

Trump’s approval varies substantially across seven specific issues, from a high of 54% on border security to a low of 35% on both tariffs and inflation. Net approval, the percent approving minus the percent disapproving, ranges from +8 percentage points to -30 percentage points.

Approval across issues and overall is shown in Table 11. After border security, the second highest approval is for Trump’s handling of immigration, with a net approval of -6 with 47% approval and 53% disapproval. That is down from an even 50%-50% split in May. Overall approval is net negative at -10, followed by handling the Israel-Iran war, foreign policy, and the economy. Net approval of Trump’s handling of inflation and the cost of living is -30, which is tied with tariffs.

Table 11: Trump job approval across issues

Among adults

	Approval
Issue	Net	Approve	Disapprove
Border security	8	54	46
Immigration	-6	47	53
Overall	-10	45	55
Israel-Iran war	-12	44	56
The economy	-14	43	57
Foreign policy	-14	43	57
Inflation/cost of living	-30	35	65
Tariffs	-30	35	65
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump is handling his job as president?
Question: Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump is handling each of the following issues?

Approval and issues by partisanship

The strength of Trump’s appeal to his base is clear among Republicans, with more than two-thirds approving of his handling of each issue. Nonetheless, even among Republicans, there is variation across issues, with border security as the highest net approval and inflation and cost of living as the lowest net approval.

A majority of independents disapprove of Trump’s handing of each issue, with border security as the best net approval and inflation worst.

Democrats are extremely negative across all issues. Approval across issues by party identification is shown in Table 12.

Table 12: Trump job approval across issues, by party identification

Among adults

	Approval
Issue	Rep Net	Rep Approve	Rep Disapprove	Ind Net	Ind Approve	Ind Disapprove	Dem Net	Dem Approve	Dem Disapprove
Border security	88	94	6	-4	48	52	-68	16	84
Immigration	78	89	11	-28	36	64	-82	9	91
Overall	72	86	14	-24	38	62	-86	7	93
Israel-Iran war	58	79	21	-36	32	68	-74	13	87
The economy	62	81	19	-34	33	67	-84	8	92
Foreign policy	66	83	17	-48	26	74	-80	10	90
Inflation/cost of living	40	70	30	-64	18	82	-90	5	95
Tariffs	40	70	30	-58	21	79	-90	5	95
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump is handling his job as president?
Question: Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump is handling each of the following issues?

While presidents can be judged on individual issues, they are also looked on as trustworthy or not. To assess this, the poll asked, “Regardless of specific policies, how much do you trust Donald Trump to make the right decisions for the country?” Here, 18% say they completely trust Trump, 27% mostly trust him, 14% mostly do not trust him, and 41% completely do not trust him. There are sharp differences across parties. A majority of Republicans completely or mostly trust the president, while majorities of independents and Democrats mostly or completely do not trust him. These results are shown in Table 13.

Table 13: Trust Trump, by party identification

Among adults

Party ID	Trust Trump
	Completely trust	Mostly trust	Mostly do not trust	Completely do not trust
Among all adults	18	27	14	41
Republican	40	48	8	4
Independent	1	30	27	41
Democrat	1	6	16	77
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: Regardless of specific policies, how much do you trust Donald Trump to make the right decisions for the country?

Inflation and the cost of living is rated as the most important issue by 34%, followed by the economy at 16%. Medicare and Social Security is rated the third most important issue at 14%, followed by immigration and border security at 13%. Other issues are seen as most important by fewer than 10% of respondents, with health care at 7%, the federal budget deficit at 5%, the Israel-Iran war at 3%, and abortion policy and foreign policy each at 2%. The full set of issue ratings is shown in Table 14.

Table 14: Most important issue

Among adults

Issue
	Percent most important
Inflation and the cost of living	34
The economy	16
Medicare & Social Security	14
Immigration and border security	13
Health care	7
The size of the federal deficit	5
The war between Israel and Iran	3
Abortion policy	2
Foreign policy	2
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: Which one of the following issues matters MOST to you right now?

Inflation is the most important issue for each partisan group. There is relatively little variation in ratings of issues across partisan camps, something not seen in approval or policy questions. While Democrats rate Medicare and Social Security a bit more important than do Republicans, and Republicans rate immigration as more important than Democrats, these differences are modest.

The full ratings of most important issues by party is shown in Table 15.

Table 15: Most important issue, by party identification

Among adults

Issue
	Rep most important	Ind most important	Dem most important
Inflation and the cost of living	36	40	30
The economy	18	15	15
Medicare & Social Security	10	10	19
Immigration and border security	15	14	10
Health care	3	7	12
The size of the federal deficit	9	2	3
Don’t know	3	7	4
The war between Israel and Iran	4	4	2
Abortion policy	2	0	3
Foreign policy	1	1	2
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: Which one of the following issues matters MOST to you right now?

Attention to topics in the news

The public in this month’s poll had paid the most attention to news about the Israel-Iran war and U.S. airstrikes on Iranian nuclear facilities, with 65% and 63% saying they read or heard a lot about these topics, respectively. The congressional debate over the “One Big Beautiful Bill” garnered almost as much attention, with 60% hearing a lot about it. The deployment of National Guard and Marines to Los Angeles received a bit less attention, while news about the return of Kilmar Abrego Garcia from El Salvador and about the U.S. Supreme Court received much less notice, as shown in Table 16.

Table 16: Attention to topics in the news

Among adults

Topic	Read or heard about
	A lot	A little	Nothing at all
The war between Israel and Iran	65	32	3
The U.S. airstrikes on nuclear facilities in Iran	63	33	5
Congressional debate over “One Big Beautiful Bill” which addresses taxes, Medicaid and other budget matters	60	32	9
The deployment of U.S. Marines and National Guard troops in Los Angeles in June	55	31	14
The return to the U.S. of a man who was erroneously deported to El Salvador	37	41	22
The U.S. Supreme Court	34	51	15
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?

Views of the parties

Approval of the way Republicans in Congress are handing their job stands at 42%, with disapproval at 58%. This is virtually unchanged from May, when 43% approved and 57% disapproved.

Approval of how Democrats in Congress are doing their job is substantially lower at 34%, with disapproval at 66%. This is an increase in approval of Democrats from 29% in May.

Republican approval of Republican job performance in Congress is 80%, while approval among Democrats of the way congressional Democrats are handling their job is much lower, 56%. Approval of the Republicans in Congress by party identification since March is shown in Table 17 and for the Democrats in Congress in Table 18.

Table 17: Approval of Republicans in Congress, by party ID

Among national adults

Poll dates	Approval of Republicans in Congress
	Approve	Disapprove
Republican
7/7-16/25	80	20
5/5-15/25	81	19
3/17-27/25	87	13
Independent
7/7-16/25	34	66
5/5-15/25	27	73
3/17-27/25	28	71
Democrat
7/7-16/25	6	94
5/5-15/25	9	91
3/17-27/25	10	90
Marquette Law School Poll,  national surveys, latest: July 7-16, 2025
Question: Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Republicans in Congress are handling their job?

Table 18: Approval of Democrats in Congress, by party ID

Among national adults

Poll dates	Approval of Democrats in Congress
	Approve	Disapprove
Republican
7/7-16/25	14	86
5/5-15/25	7	93
3/17-27/25	12	88
Independent
7/7-16/25	30	70
5/5-15/25	33	67
3/17-27/25	15	84
Democrat
7/7-16/25	56	44
5/5-15/25	49	51
3/17-27/25	50	50
Marquette Law School Poll, national surveys, latest: July 7-16, 2025
Question: Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Democrats in Congress are handling their job?

Six percent of those polled have favorable views of both parties, 27% are favorable to the Democrats and unfavorable to Republicans, 34% are unfavorable to the Democrats and favorable to Republicans, and 28% are unfavorable to both parties.

Elon Musk has said he will support the creation of a new third party, the America Party. With more than a quarter of the public viewing both parties unfavorably, this might be an opportunity for a third party. However, when asked how likely they would be to support the America Party in a state or congressional race, 7% say very likely, 31% somewhat likely, and 62% say not likely. Among those who have unfavorable feelings to both the Democratic and Republican parties, support for the America Party hardly differs from overall support, with 8% very likely, 32% somewhat likely, and 60% not likely.

Ideological perception of the parties

The public sees substantial differences in the parties’ ideological locations, with the Republican party seen as very conservative by 47%, somewhat conservative by 33%, and moderate by  11%. For the Democratic party, 43% see it as very liberal, 26% as somewhat liberal, and 21% as moderate. The full responses are shown in Table 19.

Table 19: Ideological perception of the parties

Among adults

Party		Perceived ideology
	Very conservative	Somewhat conservative	Moderate	Somewhat liberal	Very liberal
Republican party	47	33	11	5	4
Democratic party	2	8	21	26	43
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: [The Republican Party] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Question: [The Democratic Party] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?

Partisans see their own party as less extreme than does the general public and see the opposite party as far more extreme than they do their own party. Among Republicans, 32% see their party as very conservative, while 69% of Democrats view the GOP as very conservative. Likewise, among Democrats, 16% see the Democratic party as very liberal, while 76% of Republicans see it as very liberal. Independents tend to not see such extreme ideology for either party. Table 20 shows how each partisan group views the parties.

Table 20: Ideological perception of the parties, by party ID

Among adults

Party ID	Perceived ideology
	Very conservative	Somewhat conservative	Moderate	Somewhat liberal	Very liberal
Republican party
Republican	32	51	12	3	1
Independent	28	25	27	12	8
Democrat	69	17	4	3	6
Democratic party
Republican	2	4	4	14	76
Independent	2	10	41	21	26
Democrat	3	12	30	39	16
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: [The Republican Party] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Question: [The Democratic Party] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?

Favorability ratings

Opinions on Pope Leo XIV is 36% favorable and 9% unfavorable, with 55% saying they  haven’t heard enough to have an opinion. A majority of Catholics have formed an opinion of Pope Leo, while a majority of all other religious groups have not yet. The Pope is seen very favorably among Catholics, with 57% favorable and 5% unfavorable. The full results are shown in Table 21.

Table 21: Favorability to Pope Leo XIV, by religious group

Among adults

Religious group	Favorability
	Favorable	Unfavorable	Haven’t heard enough
Born-again Protestant	23	15	62
Mainline Protestant	37	5	58
Roman Catholic	57	5	38
No religion	32	9	59
Other religion	37	6	57
Marquette Law School Poll, national survey, July 7-16, 2025
Question: Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of Pope Leo XIV, or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?

Favorability to Donald Trump has varied only slightly since his return to office in January. In July, 43% have a favorable opinion and 56% have an unfavorable opinion. The full trend is shown in Table 22.

Table 22: Trump favorability

Among adults

Poll dates	Favorability
	Favorable	Unfavorable	Haven’t heard enough
7/7-16/25	43	56	1
5/5-15/25	43	56	1
3/17-27/25	46	53	1
1/27-2/6/25	44	54	2
Marquette Law School Poll, national surveys, latest: July 7-16, 2025
Question: [Donald Trump] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?

Vice President JD Vance’s favorability rating has remained stable since January, with a small increase in unfavorable views since January and fewer without an opinion. In July, 38% view him favorably and 49% unfavorably, as shown in Table 23.

Table 23: Vance favorability

Among adults

Poll dates	Favorability
	Favorable	Unfavorable	Haven’t heard enough
7/7-16/25	38	49	12
5/5-15/25	38	50	12
3/17-27/25	37	50	12
1/27-2/6/25	39	44	17
Marquette Law School Poll, national surveys, latest: July 7-16, 2025
Question: [JD Vance] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?

Since leaving his role at the White House in the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE), favorability to Elon Musk has declined in July, with 32% favorable and 64% unfavorable, down from 38% favorable in May. These results are shown in Table 24.

Table 24: Musk favorability

Among adults

Poll dates	Favorability
	Favorable	Unfavorable	Haven’t heard enough
7/7-16/25	32	64	3
5/5-15/25	38	59	3
3/17-27/25	38	60	2
Marquette Law School Poll, national surveys, latest: July 7-16, 2025
Question: [Elon Musk] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?

Direction of the country

The percentage saying the country is headed in the right direction ticked down in July to 40%, with 60% who say it is off on the wrong track. In May, 42% said right direction and 58% said wrong track. The recent trend is shown in Table 25.

Table 25: Direction of the country

Among adults

Poll dates	Direction of country
	Right direction	Wrong track
7/7-16/25	40	60
5/5-15/25	42	58
3/17-27/25	42	58
1/27-2/6/25	38	62
Marquette Law School Poll, national surveys, latest: July 7-16, 2025
Question: Do you feel things in this country are generally going in the right direction, or do you feel things have gotten off on the wrong track?

Family finances

Family financial situations have remained stable since January with only slight month-to-month changes. In July, 35% say they are living comfortably, 47% are just getting by, and 18% say they are struggling. The trend since January is shown in Table 26.

Table 26: Family financial situation

Among adults

Poll dates	Family financial situation
	Living comfortably	Just getting by	Struggling
7/7-16/25	35	47	18
5/5-15/25	35	48	17
3/17-27/25	38	47	15
1/27-2/6/25	36	48	17
Marquette Law School Poll, national surveys, latest: July 7-16, 2025
Question: Thinking about your family’s financial situation, would you say you are living comfortably, just getting by, or struggling to make ends meet?

About the Marquette Law School Poll

The survey was conducted July 7-16, 2025, interviewing 1,005 adults nationwide, with a margin of error of +/-3.4 percentage points.

Interviews were conducted using the SSRS Opinion Panel, a national probability sample with interviews conducted online. Certain other data from this survey (focusing on public views of the Supreme Court) are held for release on July 24. The detailed methodology statement, survey instrument, topline results, and crosstabs for this release are available on the Marquette Law School Poll website.