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“All the Real Indians Died Off”: And 20 Other Myths About Native Americans

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Unpacks the twenty-one most common myths and misconceptions about Native Americans

In this enlightening book, scholars and activists Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz and Dina Gilio-Whitaker tackle a wide range of myths about Native American culture and history that have misinformed generations. Tracing how these ideas evolved, and drawing from history, the authors disrupt long-held and enduring myths such as:

"Columbus Discovered America"
"Thanksgiving Proves the Indians Welcomed Pilgrims"
"Indians Were Savage and Warlike"
"Europeans Brought Civilization to Backward Indians"
"The United States Did Not Have a Policy of Genocide"
"Sports Mascots Honor Native Americans"
"Most Indians Are on Government Welfare"
"Indian Casinos Make Them All Rich"
"Indians Are Naturally Predisposed to Alcohol"

Each chapter deftly shows how these myths are rooted in the fears and prejudice of European settlers and in the larger political agendas of a settler state aimed at acquiring Indigenous land and tied to narratives of erasure and disappearance. Accessibly written and revelatory, "All the Real Indians Died Off" challenges readers to rethink what they have been taught about Native Americans and history.

224 pages, Paperback

First published October 4, 2016

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About the author

Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz

31 books757 followers
Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz grew up in rural Oklahoma in a tenant farming family. She has been active in the international Indigenous movement for more than 4 decades and is known for her lifelong commitment to national and international social justice issues. Dunbar-Ortiz is the winner of the 2017 Lannan Cultural Freedom Prize, and is the author or editor of many books, including An Indigenous Peoples’ History of the United States, a recipient of the 2015 American Book Award. She lives in San Francisco. Connect with her at reddirtsite.com or on Twitter @rdunbaro.

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Displaying 1 - 30 of 250 reviews
Profile Image for Colleen Browne.
330 reviews75 followers
August 24, 2017
I recently read another of Ortiz' books, An Indigenous People's History of the United States so I was prepared for her style but I was still made irritated by the way that with some of her arguments. She ignored facts that would expose the fact that everything is rarely black and white. Two examples come to mind. The first, when discussing the Supreme Court Case, Worcester v Georgia the decision rendered by Justice John Marshall, ruled that Georgia had no rights to enforce state laws in the territories of Native Americans in the state. In addition, it made the Indian Removal Act invalid, illegal, unconstitutional and against treaties previously made by the United States. The Cherokee Nation was a sovereign nation. President Jackson refused to abide by the decision and this set in motion The Trail of Tears. This case is misrepresented by the author. When she failed to mention the Court's declaration on the matter, it gave credence to her claim that everything the government ever did was injurious to Native Americans. Another example was the execution of 38 Dakota Sioux in Minnesota. According to Ortiz, Abraham Lincoln arbitrarily consented to the execution of these men with hardly a thought. The fact is, originally 303 Lakota were sentenced to hang but Lincoln ordered that each case was re-examined based on its own merit. The men who were hanged were proven to have taken part of the uprising they were accused of. Mind you, a thorough examination of what happened to the Lakota people that led up to this might be seen as a justification for the uprising but that is not the issue here. Again, Ortiz conveniently overlooked these facts in order to paint a black and white picture which simply does not stand up to scrutiny.

What bothers me most about this is that I am a very strong advocate for the rights of Native people but the historian in me demands an accurate telling of the facts.
I was also put off by Ortiz anger- justifiable given the history of the government and people of this country toward Native people but not acceptable for a scholar and historian. Her anger and paranoia are at times over the edge. She almost seems to wage her own personal war against science when dealing with the Bearing Strait crossing. While it is certainly true that science has been used to accomplish racist ends, occasionally conclusions are reached honestly using the best information available but Ms. Ortez cuts them no slack and seems to arbitrarily oppose the conclusions of scientists because they do not fit into her belief system.

I still rewarded the book 3 stars because I believe that she is correct that generally, the U.S. has been guilty of genocide both of the bodies of Natives and of their culture; it dispossessed them of their lands and imposed hideous conditions upon them including the boarding schools.
Profile Image for Amy | Foxy Blogs.
1,595 reviews1,030 followers
November 24, 2019
Perfect time to read this book: Thanksgiving is coming up this weekend and it's Native American Heritage Month.

Are you curious about common phrases you hear about Native Americans such as:
“Columbus Discovered America”
“Thanksgiving Proves the Indians Welcomed Pilgrims”
“Indians Were Savage and Warlike”
“Europeans Brought Civilization to Backward Indians”
“Sports Mascots Honor Native Americans”
“Most Indians Are on Government Welfare”
“Indian Casinos Make Them All Rich”
“Indians Are Naturally Predisposed to Alcohol”
“Indians Are Anti-Science”
“Native Americans Can’t Agree on What to Be Called”

The authors tackles each of these phrases above and enlightens the readers on why they're hurtful myths.

As I was reading this book there was a part where the authors mention how people believe there are no Native Americans left. I asked my friend who is from the Modoc tribe if he ever experienced someone being shocked that Native Americans were still around. Because I didn't realize people had those thoughts. His response was, "In middle school, a girl in my class from China had answered the question of what happened with the native Americans with "they extincted."

My friend also shared this song written by The Avett Brothers. Take a listen here

I'd recommend this book to anyone who has heard any of those above phrases and believed them. Challenge yourself to hear why these are harmful assumptions.

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Profile Image for David Lucander.
Author 2 books9 followers
August 12, 2016
A quick read that I really wanted to love but wasn't really into. The individual pieces had some interesting facts once in a while, but even though the chapters were only a couple of pages they were disorganized and the authors went off on awkward tangents. For example, "Native American Culture Belongs to All Americans" (Myth 14) discusses commercialization of Native American religion and overarching ethnic fraud, but then goes off on a lengthy rant about professors fabricating their identity - which to me is dishonorable, but hardly a big issue. Some of the myths seem like arbitrarily set up straw man argumentation "US Presidents Were Benevolent Towards Indians" (Myth 9) or just silly "Native Americans Can't Agree on What to Be Called" (Myth 20). There's also a bit of jargon, so avoid this if you don't like reading about de-centering the nation state as the default arbiter of civic belonging and national identity. I would have liked to see more facts in the chapter on Indian casinos and more intellectual rigor on sports teams with Native American themes/names.
Profile Image for mad mags.
1,194 reviews89 followers
July 17, 2016
Belongs in high school libraries everywhere.

(Full disclosure: I received an electronic ARC for review through Edelweiss.)

Non-Natives thus position themselves, either wittingly or unwittingly, as being the true experts about Indians and their histories—and it happens at all levels of society, from the uneducated all the way up to those with advanced college degrees, and even in the halls of Congress. [...]

The result is the perpetual erasure of Indians from the US political and cultural landscape. In short, for five centuries Indians have been disappearing in the collective imagination. They are disappearing in plain sight.

###

Imagining huge fields of gold, which did not exist, Columbus instituted what later became known as the encomienda system, large estates run on forced labor for the purposes of extracting gold. Las Casas reported that when mining quotas were not met by the Indians excavating the gold, their hands were cut off and they bled to death. When they attempted to flee, they were hunted down with dogs and killed. So little gold existed in Hispaniola that the island turned into a massive killing field.

###

He [King George] has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has endeavored to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian savages, whose known rule of warfare, is undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes and conditions.

—Declaration of Independence

###

-- 4.5 stars --

Native Americans should be honored to have sports teams named after them.

The Indians lost the war, why can't they move on already?

Indian casinos make everyone rich.

Whether your ancestors were indigenous to North America or not, no doubt you're familiar with at least a few of these myths about Native Americans. Actually, that's an understatement, given that our culture - right down to its founding documents - is steeped in such half-truths, contested theories, and outright lies. They're taught in our high school history books (Columbus discovered America; the convoluted and decontextualized myth of Thanksgiving), trotted out for celebrations (Native American mascots; cultural appropriation in Halloween costumes), and have been used to strip Native tribes of their lands, power, and self-determination ("real" Indians live on reservations/meet blood quantum requirements/belong to a tribe/adhere to certain spiritual practices).

This last is accomplished primarily through erasure. The most pernicious myth - the titular "All the Real Indians Died Off" - has been used to erase Native peoples from both the past and present. After all, if Native Americans no longer exist, then they've no need of tribal lands. (Convenient, that.) This erasure can be violent and bloody, as it was so often in the past: through genocide or "extermination," supported at both the state and federal levels. Often it comes in much more insidious, systemic forms: "the forcible transfer of children throughout the Indian boarding school era and the extent of transracial Indian adoption in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries"; restrictive blood quantum requirements that bar many people from rightfully claiming their Native descent; religious conversion; policies that force or encourage intermarriage; incentives that cause young people to immigrate from reservations to urban centers; and so on.

Many of the myths explored here stem from this singular narrative; "It can be thought of as the central organizing myth from which most other popular myths about Native people arise." Indeed, it quickly becomes apparent just how interconnected each myth is; they all feed into and support one another, in ways both subtle and overt.

"All the Real Indians Died Off" reads a little like James Loewen's Lies My Teacher Told Me, albeit with a singular, laser-like focus. I thought I was reasonably well-informed on these subjects - everyone knows that Columbus was a murderous dirtbag who couldn't navigate for shit, right? and Thanksgiving is just a nice story we like to tell kids as they finger-paint turkeys, yeah? - yet I continually found myself surprised, almost always not in a good way. Thomas Jefferson's description of Native Americans as "savages" in the freaking Declaration of Independence - you know, the document of Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness and all that jazz - made my jaw drop. But the most shocking thing has got to be the Marshall court's "trilogy" of rulings concerning Native sovereignty - in particular, Johnson v. M’Intosh (1823), which was based in part on papal bulls, including those that became the basis for the Doctrine of Discovery. (In short, invaders = keepers.) Separation of church and state, anyone?

At just over 200 pages, "All the Real Indians Died Off" is a short little book that packs a powerful, passionate punch. Dunbar-Ortiz and Gilio-Whitaker provide a compelling yet succinct overview (and sound debunking) of each myth, all the while demonstrating how they relate to each other - and the erasure of Indigenous Americans, with the ultimate goal of stripping them of their land.

In fact, their skill is all the more impressive when you consider that the last quarter of the book is actually a timeline of Native American history. Take away the timeline and (copious) notes, and the mythology section comes in at a tick over 150 pages.

Considering the book's length, I wish the authors had included a few more myths - especially the idea that tribal courts are inferior and it would be unjust to subject non-Natives to tribal laws when on tribal land. This is addressed briefly, in the context of the epidemic of rape faced by Native American women, usually by non-Native perpetrators. (#19, “What’s the Problem with Thinking of Indian Women as Princesses or Squaws?”) This is just one that's fresh in my mind, thanks to a recent episode of Full Frontal , but I'm sure there are dozens more - especially those that converge with other forms of oppression and marginalization.

Also, while the discussion of the land bridge theory is indeed fascinating (like many of you, I learned this as a fact in middle and high school), I'm not quite sure why the myth that “Indians Were the First Immigrants to the Western Hemisphere” is necessarily pernicious. Incorrect and an example of scientific stubbornness, sure, but harmful? If anything, doesn't being the first ones here bolster Native American claims to the land? (Theoretically, anyway.) Of all the myths, this is the only one that maybe could have been explained better. I feel like I'm missing something.

Otherwise, it's an engaging and informative read. The language sometimes veers into the academic, but for the most part it's fairly accessible. The book is well-researched and meticulously documented. The authors do a commendable job distilling complex topics into easily digestible chapters. Each chapter could easily fill an entire book - and indeed, Dunbar-Ortiz and Gilio-Whitaker frequently reference books written by others - yet the discussion is both clear and concise.

I'd definitely recommend this to high school students; if anything, learning about the more troubling and problematic aspects of our history makes it more interesting, engaging, and alive. I didn't really get into history until I read Roots - as an elective for my tenth grade English class. Plus there's that whole thing about those who don't know history being doomed to repeat it. And whether it's slavery (of both Africans and Native Americans) that helped America grow its economy, or the massive land theft and genocide that our country is founded on, the echoes are still felt today: in the denial of tribal sovereignty; the appropriation of Native spiritual practices by New Agers; the dearth of health care on reservations; and the destruction of sacred sites by megacorporations.

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Authors’ Note • ix

Introduction • 1

MYTH 1: “All the Real Indians Died Off” • 7
MYTH 2: “Indians Were the First Immigrants to the Western Hemisphere” • 14
MYTH 3: “Columbus Discovered America” • 23
MYTH 4: “Thanksgiving Proves the Indians Welcomed Pilgrims” • 32
MYTH 5: “Indians Were Savage and Warlike” • 38
MYTH 6: “Indians Should Move On and Forget the Past” • 44
MYTH 7: “Europeans Brought Civilization to the Backward Indians” • 51
MYTH 8: “The United States Did Not Have a Policy of Genocide” • 58
MYTH 9: “US Presidents Were Benevolent or at Least Fair-Minded Toward Indians” • 67
MYTH 10: “The Only Real Indians Are Full-Bloods, and They Are Dying Off” • 76
MYTH 11: “The United States Gave Indians Their Reservations” • 82
MYTH 12: “Indians Are Wards of the State” • 87
MYTH 13: “Sports Mascots Honor Native Americans” • 92
MYTH 14: “Native American Culture Belongs to All Americans” • 100
MYTH 15: “Most Indians Are on Government Welfare” • 109
MYTH 16: “Indian Casinos Make Them All Rich” • 117
MYTH 17: “Indians Are Anti-Science” • 123
MYTH 18: “Indians Are Naturally Predisposed to Alcohol” • 130
MYTH 19: “What’s the Problem with Thinking of Indian Women as Princesses or Squaws?” • 137
MYTH 20: “Native Americans Can’t Agree on What to Be Called” • 145
MYTH 21: “Indians Are Victims and Deserve Our Sympathy” • 150

Historical Time Line • 159

Acknowledgments • 179

Notes • 181

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Profile Image for Keegan Livermore.
11 reviews3 followers
October 27, 2017
A good survey of many issues that indigenous people argue about on a daily basis. Definitely a "greatest hits", even if that's the wrong connotation to put onto topics like these. Structured brilliantly. Provides plenty of academic ammunition in the form of citations for those who continue fighting and want to back up their arguments. Glad to continue supporting these authors.
Profile Image for Hilary "Fox".
2,106 reviews68 followers
September 28, 2020
Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz is best known for An Indigenous History of the United States, a book which by all accounts is the bummer that it's expected to be but is universally praised for its good history and explanation of Native American issues and where they stand today. This book, on the other hand, is a joint effort of hers to dispel the commonly held myths about Native Americans - history, culture, and religions. It's an interesting examination into how the beliefs came about as well, and the book is a treasure trove of other book recommendations in addition to being an eye-opening read.

Unfortunately, the book suffers a bit for being a difficult read. While the subject matter can be difficult, the actual writing shifts somewhat radically in town from chapter to chapter and the transitions can be a bit jarring. Some of the chapters didn't seem terribly necessary, and some of the stances were a little bit confusing to read about. I think that some of the Myths could have been condensed into single chapters rather than multiple ones (views on science, for instance, and the sports mascot issues and cultural appropriation could have been condensed neatly.)

All of that having been said, this still was a very interesting and valuable read that I'm glad I picked up. I'm curious how other, similar books might read and if they'll prove to be a bit more accessible than this one. I'm also curious how Dunbar-Ortiz's more famous work will read once I get around to reading it.
Profile Image for Nella ☾ of Bookland.
897 reviews106 followers
November 3, 2023
National American Indian Heritage Month Read #7 🍁

This book gives an informative and insightful deconstruction of the many misconceptions that have been propagated about indigenous Americans. One topic addressed that was particularly intriguing to me is the policing of Native ancestry. I've always found the logistics of trying to quantify "Native blood" to be perplexing, given that most Natives are of mixed ancestry and not all tribes are federally recognized. Also, having Native ancestry and existing within the culture of one's tribe(s) are not always mutually inclusive. I liked that this book discussed the cultural and economic ramifications of the systematization of tribal enrollment. So much about Native Americans has been intentionally twisted, blurred, and erased by American history, so I highly recommend this read to anyone desiring to educate themselves on the historical and modern day presence of Native Americans.
Profile Image for Kris.
3,374 reviews70 followers
December 20, 2022
Is this book perfect? Nope. It is however, blunt and to the point and really educational.

I'm a white girl who reads a whole lot about Native Americans, particularly in the context of Native American children's literature. And there was stuff in here that I didn't know. I critique said literature for context and stereotypes and biases, and I attempt to build a collection of books that veer from those tropes.

One of my "favorite" critiques of this book that I have read (and I only say favorite in the context of, oh , it is going to be FUN to decimate you) is along the lines of "Why doesn't she present BOTH SIDES? Lemme see BOTH SIDES and make my own decisions!"

Dude. (Why is it always a dude?) AMERICAN HISTORY HAS ONLY EVER BEEN THE OTHER SIDE. It has been colonizer history. Pioneers. Settlers. Slave holders. THEY have been the storytellers in our schools and history texts. YOU DON'T NEED THE OTHER SIDE. YOU ALREADY KNOW IT.

Y'all don't like your heroes made out as villains and your white-washed stories questioned or even just giving the other side a voice.

So, you should probably read this. Especially if you won't like it.
Profile Image for Bookworm.
2,067 reviews78 followers
March 24, 2017
Interesting content that should make you think but the writing style is terrible. It wasn't all that long ago that I read Anton Treuer's 'Everything You Wanted to Know About Indians But Were Afraid to Ask' and thought this would be a good compliment. It also seemed like time to read more books by Native authors so I thought this would be a good read.
 
You've heard and perhaps believe these myths before. Thanksgiving was a peaceful time that showed Indians welcomed the pilgrims. All Indians go to casinos and drink alcohol. Sports mascots really aren't offensive, people just make a big deal over nothing. And so on and so forth. Authors Dunbar-Ortiz and Gilio-Whitaker takes a look at these myths and breaks down why they are false.
 
A lot of it was quite interesting. Even though I was familiar with many of the myths, the information helped provide a historical context that I didn't have previously. That said, there also a few myths I had never heard of "Indians are Anti-Science" for example. Maybe some of these have been implied (the anti-science, for example, may be tied to the image of Natives only living on reservations, are very poor and poorly educated, etc.) in the media but I had not been familiar with some of these so explicitly stated.
 
That said, I agree with some of the commentary that the writing style isn't that great. The introduction notes that this book was a project of Dunbar-Ortiz's coming soon after the release of another book of hers and that Gilio-Whitaker was a first time author. And it shows. Sometimes the writing is overly academic and dry. Sometimes it goes off on tangents and it can be hard to follow.
 
Still, I did not regret reading the book but also agree with other reviews that it's a book that should probably not be your first if you're looking to learn more about Native Americans (the correct term[s]) on what to call them is also addressed). Treuer's book as mentioned above might be an easier starting point but I would recommend this one as well. Also a basic knowledge of recent events (the controversy over sports mascots, the problem of people appropriating Native heritage despite not having any proof otherwise, etc.) would be good to know.
 
I'd also recommend borrowing this from the library or buying cheap if you can. I had a gift card and coupon for this book but it's not something I would need to keep for reference. I would recommend Treuer's book as mentioned above as well as his brother David Treuer's book 'Rez Life'.
Profile Image for Marya.
1,386 reviews
December 19, 2016
This book is arranged into several short chapters - each no more than a few pages long - that deal with Indian "myths". Each myth is then busted, but not in a Mythbusters kind of way. Rather, the structure of each chapter works like this:
*Introduce myth (example: Indians are anti-science)
*Give current event that relates to this myth (Indians refuse to contribute to DNA testing for prehistoric human bone finds)
*Brief synopsis of Indian history as it relates to the myth (in this case, the author runs through various Indian discoveries that may or may not be considered scientific. It's hard to qualify them as science when the word "science" has been deconstructed right before the synopsis).
*Conclude with Indians' current relationship to myth (mention various organizations that have been founded by Indians to improve the relationship they have with "science").

The tactic of turning the discussion around is pretty standard in academic social sciences works like this one. But here, it's pretty fun to watch. Rather than discussing at length how this myth relates to the idea that science is somehow free from any kind of cultural or political bias (though, she does touch on the idea that after years of scientific racism, Indians are understandably leery of any DNA test), the author speaks of Indian advancements in "science" (the scare quotes are there because the author deconstructs that word before she lists Indian history). By refusing to spend the bulk of her time on the concept of science, the author has moved the discussion away from focusing on White culture and moves it into Indian culture. And to be honest, I know far more about the culture and history of science than I do about Indian history and culture. Switching the discussion switches the focus and reminds the readers that maybe looking at things from outside the dominant culture is the whole point.
519 reviews4 followers
July 1, 2017
This is a good, brief, and enlightening read. I was pleased and undeservedly smug to already be aware of some of this but a lot of the history and treaty information was news to me. Read it, please. Read this and "Between the World and Me" and " "Tears We Cannot Stop" and "Hidden Figures" and, oh goodness, just read and learn.
Profile Image for Jonathon McKenney.
465 reviews5 followers
July 23, 2023
Not a bad read by any means , but, and I am far from expert, it is very introductory. Like, I am sure there are folks who think native mascots are okay, but to devote a chapter was a little rudimentary. Similar to “on Fascism” by McWilliams, I would love to give this book to a high schooler or someone who’s just had a basic overview of US history.

Their writing is emotive and shows just how very complicated this is. Dunbar Ortiz’s own biography and various claims or denials of her native identity are intriguing and emphasise (perhaps not in a good way) a lot of what the book says.
Profile Image for Stephanie Griffin.
899 reviews158 followers
December 5, 2020
In Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz and Dina Gilio-Whitaker’s book, “ALL THE REAL INDIANS DIED OFF”, attempts are made to turn aside 21 myths that some people have about the North American people who call themselves by their tribal name. One of those myths is “Native Americans Can’t Agree on What to Be Called”. “Indians”, “Indigenous”, and “Native Americans”, are all wrong, they say, though Dunbar-Ortiz has used all these names in titles of her other books.
There are of course 20 other myths to deal with but the book is not worth expounding on much more.
Lastly, Dunbar-Ortiz and Gilio-Whitaker have a huge chip on their shoulders which they inject into every sentence they can. Negative words about everyone and everything outside of the North American people who call themselves by their tribal name are in plentiful supply. The anger comes through even more heavy-handed in the audiobook, narrated by Laural Merlington, who snarls out the negativity.
I don’t recommend this book to anyone. There are much better written books out there.
Profile Image for E.
1,247 reviews5 followers
August 22, 2022
Very informative and, while well researched and supported, written in a very accessible (non-academic) style. A great overview debunking 21 of the most common and pernicious myths about Native Americans that currently and historically have rationalized racism, violence, governmental policy, and mistreatment (not to mention genocide) of Indigenous peoples in the US. Each chapter/myth has about 5-6 pages packed with info, history, and facts, with footnotes on sources for those who want to delve further into arguments and evidence. If every American were required to read the chapters on Christopher Columbus and Thanksgiving alone, we would move a lot closer to an understanding of racism and race relations between Native Americans and white people. What a difference it could make if chapters from this book were taught in high schools across the country. The timeline at the back is very helpful as well. This book is a good complement/companion to David Treuer’s lengthier and more detailed discussions and personal stories in Rez Life.
Profile Image for Garrett.
1,731 reviews23 followers
January 10, 2017
Forceful and at times pedantic & one-sided, this volume of assertions and answers can get away with it due to its ability to deal in harsh truths while accomplishing the most important of missions: shutting down ignorance. Exhaustively researched and coming from a place of weariness with the platitudes of people who simply don't want to look at the ugly origins of this place we're in, this book isn't really designed to be read alone; rather, it should be accompanied by a classroom discussion and a library of larger, deeper works - footnoted & referenced here, of course - to supply a context for why we are where we are. This would make a good toilet tank or coffee table book for the imperialist in your life.
Profile Image for Connie.
67 reviews
June 18, 2023
Do you know the history of the names some NFL football teams and many sport teams are called? Do you know the historical context of cultural appropriation? Do you know what “makes” a person indigenous?

These might be questions you know the answer to: “something bad”, “something bad”, and “something” but might not be able to understand it in a historical context. This book explains it for you! I listened to this as an audiobook from my library but I’d love to buy the book to find the sources used so I can dive deeper into some of the topics mentioned. Learning the historical context of cultural appropriation (“playing Indian”) was a very powerful chapter for me and made me understand the true insidious nature of the origins of culturally appropriating colonized peoples.
Profile Image for Mary.
60 reviews
May 8, 2017
This book is useful at debunking common stereotypes and myths about Native Americans. Each small chapter is devoted to a different myth. I appreciate that this book is very accessible. It doesn't have to be read all the way through. Each topic is thoroughly researched and l learned quite a bit from it. This book was a huge undertaking and I felt like some of the topics could have used a few more pages.
Profile Image for Kelly McCord.
642 reviews14 followers
November 3, 2022
This book was a pretty accessible way to begin looking at Native American "myths" from a different (i.e.: not the white colonizer) perspective. I don't think I actually believed any of them were true, but to have the arguments against laid out so precisely opened my eyes to aspects I hadn't considered before.
Profile Image for Kathleen.
111 reviews
July 1, 2017
provacative; the book has deeply enlarged my understanding of Native Americans and has led me to wonder about countries throughout the world that have justified harsh cruelty to indigenous people on basis of doctrine of discovery
Profile Image for Javier.
237 reviews54 followers
December 5, 2017
This is an awesome joint project between Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz and Dina Gilio-Whitaker, following on Roxanne's An Indigenous People's History of the U.S. The writing is very moving and enlightening. Many thanks to the authors.
Profile Image for Malcolm.
1,820 reviews474 followers
November 11, 2022
One of the things that marks settler colonial states of the kind we see in places such as Australia, New Zealand and much of the Americas is the drive to make the newcomer settlers ‘native’ and in doing so the extinguishment of Indigenous Peoples. Not surprisingly, this drive is marked by historical myths and fantasies, including the one that makes the title to this impressive demythologisation of Indigenous life and history in the area we call the United States.

In a series of short (6-10 pages for the most part) Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz, who does not mark any specific Indigenous heritage, and Dina Gilio-Whittaker (Colville Federated Tribes) unpack and debunk 21 of the major myths and fantasies – some historical, fewer primarily contemporary (to the extent they can be distinguished). They have an impressive ability to weave together evidence from across the continent to build a compelling rebuttal of those settler claims. Some are widely recognised popular claims – that Thanksgiving demonstrates that Pilgrims were welcomed or that sports mascots are a way to honour Native Americans (thankfully, this one has been wound back a long way in recent years). Others, however, are less often popularly expressed but remain widely held as underpinning the settler state – myths such as the benevolence of that state, that it was not genocidal, or that reservations were gifted to Indigenous Peoples.

The result is a well crafted – both Dunbar-Ortiz and Gilio-Whittaker have a great ability to craft complex ideas and issues into engaging widely accessible narratives – volume that although focused on Indigenous Peoples is as much about the settler state as anything else; the myths, after all, are its. It’s packed full of vital information and perspectives on how to debunk those popularly held myths, those claims we so often hear, and is part of a welcome trend in publishing where are seeing texts that confront those reactionary fantasies. Essential reading.
Profile Image for ariel.
406 reviews31 followers
Read
June 19, 2020
"what is certain, is that when progress does occur, it is almost always because of native people's proactive organizing to demand change. those mobilizations rely on alliances with non-native people. ...this process of decolonization must be seen as an ongoing, multigenerational prospect."
everyone needs to read this book. seriously, everyone.

not only are you faced head-on with perpetuated, negative, and harmful stereotypes, but you're also given the reality of our prejudices in an accessible way. this is a short book, and a short audiobook. most of the myths discussed in the book are obvious (ie, the use of natives as mascots, the sexist "cherokee princess" stereotype, the "drunk indian" stereotype, etc), but some are things that i had never realized i consciously thought of before. stereotypes against the indigenous people across the world- but especially in america - is embedded in our culture, and it's our job to root it out and do better. i'm certain that this is not the end-all, be-all of my ongoing indigenous education, but i think it's a great place to start.

"the work of achieving justice for american indian peoples involves everyone: indigenous and settler alike. because colonization dehumanizes both the colonized and the colonizer."
Profile Image for Casey.
746 reviews36 followers
January 9, 2022
Very insightful audiobook. I've always focussed on Native Americans of the past, but this book brought the issues into the present. I especially enjoyed learning about the Native rights movement that emerged in the 60s and 70s and continues to this day. It's refreshing to move the focus from victimhood to standing up and demanding rights. That includes campaigns of self-respect, like the removal of school mascots such as "Redskins."

This book fits in with another book I'm reading that is heavy on the Native American theme: "Mayflower: A Story of Courage, Community, and War," by Nathanial Philbrick. The Pilgrim/Native encounters that started in ~1620 (at least that's when the Pilgrims arrived) were complicated, sometimes peaceful, sometimes brutal. And the natives were all so different with so many tribes. "Mayflower" tied in with the Dunbar-Ortiz book by showing how natives were not all one people, by any means. And each tribe had a mix of personalities and temperaments. No surprise! They're human!

Recommended!
Profile Image for Shae.
748 reviews167 followers
February 15, 2018
Wow.

WOW. I'm so angry and heartbroken and awestruck and, frankly, flabbergasted. There was SO MUCH I didn't know, and SO MUCH ON TOP OF THAT that I thought I knew but was completely wrong about. I know learning is a lifelong process, especially as a person of privilege, but did this book ever drive home how much learning I still have left to do. Many thanks to Tumblr for putting this on my radar and to the National Museum of the American Indian for having it in stock.
Profile Image for Sean Estelle.
385 reviews28 followers
October 28, 2020
Very clear, no-nonsense writing grounded in history while also bringing in lots of source material and new information - this is one of those books you’ll want to read before having persuasion conversations with coworkers or family members about racist assumptions they may hold.

“Today it is clear that Indigenous peoples everywhere are - and always have been - the miner’s canary on a global scale.”
159 reviews
May 18, 2021
I got to the end of the book and didn’t realize it. It just..sort of..was over. This is a glorified list. I don’t claim to be a genius on Native American history, culture or anything of that subject but I also don’t think I learned much from this book. Each chapter title I would acknowledge that yes, that’s the common stereotype but then the unpacking of that wasn’t detailed. I wasn’t dazzled by this book.
Profile Image for Rebecca Joy.
68 reviews8 followers
January 5, 2023
Another interesting non-fiction audiobook.

I really liked the format of taking a well-known, or maybe a preconceived notion about the native population, and working through the “truth”. There was a fair bit of information that I’ve known or previously heard, but the more I’m depth look was appreciated.

Overall, it was a good read, I don’t know if it’s one I would go out of my way to recommend, but if you’re looking for something informational, and relatively fast to read it was a good choice.
Profile Image for Ryan Mishap.
3,473 reviews67 followers
January 26, 2019
An excellent tome to hand to your well-meaning friends, especially the white ones. Undeniable and easy to read, this is a great introduction to the main myths that perpetuate the marginalization and oppression of native people's and prevent society from actually grappling with reality.

Highly recommended.
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