Advances in Treatment of Diffuse Midline Gliomas

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2023 Dec;23(12):849-856. doi: 10.1007/s11910-023-01317-8. Epub 2023 Nov 3.

Abstract

Purpose of review: Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) generally carry a poor prognosis, occur during childhood, and involve midline structures of the central nervous system, including the thalamus, pons, and spinal cord.

Recent findings: To date, irradiation has been shown to be the only beneficial treatment for DMG. Various genetic modifications have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease. Current treatment strategies span targeting epigenetic dysregulation, cell cycle, specific genetic alterations, and the immune microenvironment. Herein, we review the complex features of this disease as it relates to current and past therapeutic approaches.

Keywords: DIPG; Diffuse midline glioma; Pediatric oncology.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Brain Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Brain Neoplasms* / metabolism
  • Brain Neoplasms* / therapy
  • Central Nervous System / metabolism
  • Glioma* / genetics
  • Glioma* / therapy
  • Humans
  • Spinal Cord / metabolism
  • Spinal Cord / pathology
  • Thalamus
  • Tumor Microenvironment